Acetylene-gas burner.



No. 644,799; Patented Mar. 6, I900. w. HAHN ACETYLENE GAS BURNER.

(Application filed Mar. 29, 1899.) (No Model.)

- n cy THE News FEYERS cc, PHOYo-Lfl'mm. msnmm'ou UNITED STATES PATENT QFFICE.

WILLIAM HAHN, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, Asslenon 'ro J. nnucn CARROLL,

or SAME PLACE.

ACETYLENE-GAS BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 644,799, dated March 6,1900.

Application filed March 29, 1899. Serial No. 710,994. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

I Be it known that 1, WILLIAM HAHN, of Chiwhich the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar letters of refence in the different figures indicate like parts.

It is well known that acetylene gas tends to rapidly carbonize and to cause a deposit to form upon the burner, which will soon render the latter unfit for use. Attempts have been made in various ways and with varying degrees of success to overcome this difficulty.

The object of my invention is to produce a burner of the class described which may be cheaply constructed and which will entirely prevent the objectionable deposit which so often renders burners of this class ineffectual. I accomplish this result by combining what is commonly known as the. injector principle with that of the well-known Bunsen burner.

Owing to. the carbonization it has been found impracticable to utilize the fiat or batwing burner-tip in connection with acetylene gas,wand hence I have adapted my improve ment not only to a burner intended to produce a round or candle flame, but to one in which two tips are set obliquely to each other, so that the jets issuing therefrom may impinge upon each other, and thus produce a fiat flame by reason of such impingement,all of which is hereinafter more particularly described, and specifically pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of a burner embodying the features of my invention, said burner being adapted to produce a round flame. Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view'taken upon the line 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional View of a double burner for producing a flat flame. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view of a single burner, showing a modified construction. Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional view taken upon the line 5 5, Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a central vertical sectional View of a further modified construction 3 and Figs.

after described.

7 and 8 are views corresponding to Figs. 4 and which may be formed upon one end and connected integrally with a supply-tube b, as shown in Figs. 1, 4, and 7, with one or two branch tubes 0, connecting with a main trunk d, as shown in Fig. 3, or with a single vertical tube e, inserted therein, according to the special use or conditions to which the burner is to be adapted.

Atip f, preferably formed from lava, is inserted in a bore g, formed in the top of the head, which tip is provided with a round central opening h of a considerably-larger diameterthan that of the opening through which the jet of gas is admitted thereto, as herein I prefer to ream the lower portion of the bore h, as shown at i, so that it may be funnel-shaped and considerably larger at the bottom. The bore 9 is preferably extended through the head from top to bottom, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, for the purpose of admitting an upward flow of air around the jet of gas, which is admitted thereto, as hereinafter stated. In the preferable constructiona bore j is made through the head substantially at right angles to the bore g, and if the burner is formed upon one end of a tube, as shown in all of the figures but Fig. 6, the bore j may be continued to form the hollow in the tube which constitutes the gas-supply conduit. Into the bore j is insert ed a hollow plug 70, Figs. 1 to 5, inclusive, which plug is closed at its outer end and is provided with a bore Z at the top, the diam eter of which is considerably smaller than that of the bore h and is adjusted to coincide with the axis of the latter. lhis opening admits the gas to the chamber m between it and the tip. The diameter of the plug is smaller than that of the bore 9, so as to admit an upward flow of air into the chamber maround the jet of gas issuing from the open ing Z and thence outwardly through the tipreadily be seen that the construction of the burner may be modified to produce this result without departing from the principle involved.

In Figs. 4 and 5 I have shown a modification in which instead of extending the bore g entirely through the head I leave it closed at the bottom and form two or more openings n in the sides below the bore j.

In Figs. 7 and 8 the bore g stops before reaching the transverse bore j, in which case a short plug 0, Fig. 7, is inserted in the outer end .of the bore j, while the gas-opening l is formed in the shell or casing between the bore j and chamber m.

In Fig. 6 the bore g extends only partially through the head, as shown, and the supplytube 6 is vertical and centrally located, while bores q q admit air from below in a similar manner around the jet of gas. In each of the modifications shown it will be seen that there is provided the chamber m between the small gas-outlet and the tip, so that in each case the air is sucked in in such a way as to surround the small thread or stream of gas and prevent carbonization at the tip.

In Fig. 3 I have shown this construction applied to a double-tip burner, in which the two branches 0 c diverge from the main trunk 61 at an angle of about forty-five degrees, while the heads a a are placed at right angles, respectively, to said branches. suing jets of flame are therefore caused to impinge upon each other at substantially an angle of about ninety degrees, thereby producing a flat flame.

The operation of my improved burner is as follows: When gas is admitted to the burner, the outflow under pressure through the openingl induces a current of air to be drawn into the chamber 971, which current passing.

around the issuing gas-jet is drawn into the bore h of the tip. Inasmuch as the presence of the plug 7a or its equivalent in the modified constructions serves to shield the airfrom contact with the gas until the two pass together into thebore of the tip, the gas and air are caused to shoot out through the tip with considerable velocity and are brought together in such a way that a cylindrical envelop of air surrounds the tiny thread-like jet of gas. This prevent-s the formation of an explosive compound in the chamber beneath the tip, and hence the rapid popping sound so common to burners of this class, especially when slightly obstructed by the formation of carbon within or on the tip, is entirely avoided, while a sufficient mixture of air takes place with the gas to produce perfoot combustion at the outlet of the tip.

hile my improved burner is basedin a measure upon the Bunsen principle, its con struction is varied sufficiently therefrom to produce a different and highly-useful result in connection with this exceptionally-inflammable as than would be produced were the The is air introduced and permitted to commingle with the gas in the manner aimed at and actually accomplished by the Bunsen construction. I have found in practice that by thoroughly commingling the gas and air before they reach the eductionopening of the tip a series of rapid tiny explosions are produced which render the burner useless; but by drawing the air in upon the injector principle, so as to surround the issuing gas-stream without affording an opportunity for complete mixture, I find that greatly-superior results are obtained. The flame from a burner constructed in this manner is not only uniform and'steady, but the combustion is so complete that that portion of the flame nearest to the tip, commonly known as the darl; spot, is entirelyeliminated. Thisisespeoiallynoticeable in flat flames made by double burners, where it is sure to occur when the ordinary burner is used. The reaming out of the tip, as shown at t', serves to effectually prevent eddies, and I am confident adds to the efficiency of the burner.

Having thus described my invention, I claim- 1. An acetylenegas burner in which is combined a supply-tube, a burner-head having therein an enlarged bore the axis of which is substantially at right angles to that of the supply-tube, a burner-tip located at the top of said bore, said tip having a central open ing, a hollow plug closed at the outer end, said plug being of smaller diameter than that of said enlarged bore and projecting diametrically through the same into the supply-tube,

an eduction-opening formed in the top of said plug conaxial with and of smaller diameter than that of said tip, and means for admitting air to said enlarged bore, substantially as de 7 scribed.

2. The combination in an acetylene-burner,

of a main trunk having diverging branches arranged at an angle to each other of about ninety degrees,each of said branches being provided at its upper extremity with a burnerhead having therein an enlarged bore the axis of which is substantially at right angles to that of the supply-tube, a burner-tip located at the top of said bore, said tip havinga cen= tral opening, a hollow plug closed at its outer end, said plug being of smaller diameter than that of said enlarged bore and projecting diat the outer end, said plug being of smaller In testimony whereof l have signed this diameter than that of said enlarged bore and specification, in the presence of two subscribprojeoting diametrically through the same ing Witnesses, this 25th day of March, 1899. 10 into the supply-tube, said plug having an WILLIAM HAHN. eduction-opening at the top conaxial with and of smaller diameter than that of said tip, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

Witnesses:

D. H. FLETCHER, DWIGHT B. OHEEVER. 

